Carbon Steel Welded Pipes Categories Explained: LSAW/DSAW/SSAW/ERW/EFW/CDW

Today at Trio Steel we will explain the difference between various welded pipes. Carbon Steel Pipes like API 5L Pipes, ASTM A671 Pipes, ASTM A672 Pipes, ASTM A691 Pipes generally come in LSAW/DSAW/SSAW/HSAW/CDW/ERW/EFW Categories
The categories are as below:
1) LSAW – Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welding : LSAW (Longitudinal Submerge arc welding steel pipe is a type of SAW pipe made of steel plates that were hot rolled by JCOE or UOE forming technology. JCOE technology represents the shaping and forming processes involved during manufacturing as well as the inner and outer welding and cold expansion carried out after welding. Similarly UOE Method starts with crimping the edges of a plate to form a U shape, followed by U-pressing and O-pressing to form a J shape. The final step is expanding the J-shaped pipe to form the finished product. LSAW pipes are produced by molding steel sheets to a cylinder and joining the ends together by welding in a straight line.

2) DSAW – Double Submerged Arc Welding – DSAW Pipe is similar to LSAW Pipe. The only difference being the Pipes have double welding i.e. on the outside and well as inside. This is generally done for higher OD greater than 36’’. Both inside and outside welds are required and are usually accomplished in separate processes, hence the word “double.”

3) SSAW/HSAW– Spiral Submerged Arc Welding/Helical Submerged Arc Welding – SSAW pipe takes form by rolling and welding a steel strip in a way that the pivotal direction is oblique to the axis or pipe center, making the weld seam in a spiral line. If the welding is done in Spiral Direction, it is called SSAW and it the direction is Helical then it is called HSAW. Spiral Welded Pipes take less time to manufacture and are cheaper compared to LSAW Pipes but it is the least preffered options due to the low weld quality. They are used for non-critical applications like water transport. A typical application for spiral welded pipe would be for power station cooling water systems (non-toxic, high volume, low pressure). For systems operating with very high volumes and low pressures, a spiral welded pipe may be used.

4) CDW – Cold Drawn Welding – CDW pipes are produced by expelling the metal to the required length and hence are superior and more expensive to ERW Pipes

5) ERW – Electric Resistance Welding – Electric resistance welded (ERW) pipes are longitudinally welded from metal after moving it afterward

6) EFW – Electric Fusion Welding – EFW steel pipe (Electric Fusion Welding) refers to an electron beam welding, the use of high-speed movement of the electron beam directed impact kinetic energy is converted to heat the workpiece so that the workpiece leaving the melt, the formation of the weld. EFW steel pipe is formed by rolling plate and welding the seam. The weld flash can be removed from the outside or inside surfaces using a scarfing blade. The weld zone can also be heat treated to make the seam less visible.

We at Trio Steel Supply all the above welded pipe categories, We generally prefer to offer LSAW Pipes and EFW Pipes to our customers due to their high quality and reliability of the weld. We generally cater to clients in critical sectors like oil & gas, defence, marine offshore etc.
The various pipes we offer are:
API 5L LSAW Pipes
API 5L DSAW Pipes
API 5L Seamless Pipes
ASTM A671 EFW Pipes
ASTM A672 EFW Pipes
And many more options.
Please feel free to contact us to understand the differences in more detail and for pricing and size availability.

EN 10210/EN 10027 Nomenclature Explained

A lot of time our customers are searching for certain quality grades but do not understand or get confused by the name of the grade and their equivalent. To clarify some of it and to simplify by the same, the below information will be useful:
Steels produced to EN standards – for example pressure vessel steels such as P355 or structural steels S275 have names that tell you a lot about the steel without having to look the details up in the relevant standard. The way that they are named in set out in EN 10027/EN 10210 and by following a few simple rules you should soon be a master of know steel properties from the grade alone.
This page tells you about how to decipher these steel names for some common grade of pressure vessel and structural steels that we have in stock. Once you know how it works it is easy to use. Structural and pressure vessel steels have a standardised naming convention and this is laid out in /EN 10210 Designation System for Steels.
Whilst both are similar they are each subtly different and it is important to know what all the components of a steel name mean
EN STRUCTURAL STEEL NAMES TO EN 10027/EN 10201
The first letter S standards for Structural. P stands for Pressure and this is the way you initially tell the grades apart.
The next set of 3 digits gives the steel’s minimum yield strength. So S355 has a minimum yield strength of 355 MPa for the smallest thickness range covered by the relevant standard – i.e. EN10025.
These are the basics. You can then have up to 3 groups of characters providing more information.
The first group concerns the impact testing of the steel – what joule value (J, K or L) and at what temperature. (R,0,2,3,4,5,6)

  • J = 27J
  • K = 40J
  • L = 60J

and

  • R = 20 °C (Room Temperature)
  • 0 = 0 °C
  • 2 = -20 °C
  • 3 = -30 °C
  • 4 = -40 °C
  • 5 = -50 °C
  • 6 = -60 °C

An easy way of remembering the temperatures is that each increase in the digit means another 10 degrees below zero. At Trio Steel, we stock plates and hollow pipes in the below above grades. You can visit the below link for details:
https://www.triosteel.com/en-10210-1-grade/
https://www.triosteel.com/s335n-plates-2/

Structural Steel Pipes

Trio Steel is one of the leading suppliers of Structural steel pipes mainly been S235, S275, S355, S420 & S460. These pipes are available in seamless & welded categories with many variants basically depending on the heat treatment & impact testing. The EN 10210 is a European Standard prepared for Structural steel. The common categories which are widely used are:

As mentioned above, the product can be delivered in the conditions as per below:
Qualities – JR, J0, J2, and K2 – Hot Finished
Qualities – N and NL – Normalized includes normalized rolled
S stands for Structural & H stands for Hollow Tube
The letters JR, J0 & J2 signify the different temperatures of impact testing i.e. +20 Deg C, 0 Deg C, – 20 Deg C & -50 Deg C.

For any further technical queries, please email us or call us and we will be happy to provide you the details and also supply high-quality pipes

Carbon Steel Pipes

Carbon Steel Pipes & Its Uses:

Carbon Steel Pipes is the most commonly used material in all industries for process piping. It is preferred due to its wide availability, high strength, and good weldability, for example, screwed, socket-welded, and butt-welded. They are known as carbon steel pipes as carbon is the main alloying element and its properties are defined by the amount of carbon it has. Carbon Steel pipe should be selected for the required strength and durability required for the application checking the requirement of Yield Strength, Tensile Strength, ductility, and machinability required to join it. The pipe must withstand the pressure, temperature, and corrosion conditions of the application. These requirements are met by selecting a pipe made to an appropriate ASTM or API standard. 

 

In the API categories you have the following options:

  1. API 5L GR B PSL1/PSL2 Seamless & Welded Pipes
  2. API 5L GR X42 PSL1/PSL2 Seamless & Welded Pipes
  3. API 5L GR X46 PSL1/PSL2 Seamless & Welded Pipes
  4. API 5L GR X52 PSL1/PSL2 Seamless & Welded Pipes
  5. API 5L GR X56 PSL1/PSL2 Seamless & Welded Pipes
  6. API 5L GR X60 PSL1/PSL2 Seamless & Welded Pipes
  7. API 5L GR X65 PSL1/PSL2 Seamless & Welded Pipes
  8. API 5L GR X70 PSL1/PSL2 Seamless & Welded Pipes
  9. API 5L GR X80 PSL1/PSL2 Seamless & Welded Pipes
  10. API 5L GR X100 PSL1/PSL2 Seamless & Welded Pipes
  11. API 5L GR X120 PSL1/PSL2 Seamless & Welded Pipes

 

In the ASTM Categories you have the following options:

  1. ASTM A106 GR B Seamless & Welded Pipes
  2. ASTM A106 GR C Seamless & Welded Pipes
  3. Low Temp ASTM A333 GR 6 Seamless & Welded Pipes
  4. ASTM A671/A672 CB/CC 60/65/60 EFW Pipes.

 

Uses & Applications:

Industries across the world in different fields use various carbon steel pipes in seamless/welded options depending on the use. Some of the uses are:

  1. Transporting Oil & Gas
  2. Drilling & Offshore Applications
  3. FPSOs & Building foundations
  4. High-Pressure Applications
  5. Transporting water & wastewater underground
  6. Chemical Processing
  7. Rigs Building

 

At Rexal Tubes, we offer a wide variety of these carbon steel pipes along with the technical advice on what material will be suitable depending on the use.

 

TRIO STEEL – HIC TESTED/SOUR SERVICE STEEL SUPPLIER

HIC (Hydrogen Induced Cracking) occurs when carbon steel is exposed to hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and is the direct result of electrochemical corrosion reactions between the sour service or wet H2S environment. Particularly common to the Oil and Gas Industry where the use of steel pressure vessels is widespread, the risk of this should be considered when hydrogen sulphide partial pressure becomes greater than 3.5mbar. Carbon steel pressure vessels should not be affected by HIC damage where H2S levels are lower than this figure in a normal service life cycle. HIC is prevalent in wet H2S environments, which is often known as sour service and such cracking over a prolonged period of time without inspection, will reach a critical point and the steel component i.e. pressure vessel, could easily fail. Simply put, hydrogen induced cracking damage increases as the level of hydrogen sulphide increases.

 

To ensure that the steel used by various EPC Contractors & oil and gas industry it is essential to supply carbon steel pipes & fittings which meet the sour service environment requirement and are tested to assess their ability to exposure of hydrogen sulphide. We at Trio Steel are a pioneer in supply of various HIC Tested Products as below:

 

API 5L GR B PSL2 HIC TESTED PIPES

API 5L X42 PSL2 HIC TESTED PIPES

API 5L X46 PSL2 HIC TESTED PIPES

API 5L X52 PSL2 HIC TESTED PIPES

API 5L X56 PSL2 HIC TESTED PIPES

API 5L X60 PSL2 HIC TESTED PIPES

API 5L X65 PSL2 HIC TESTED PIPES

API 5L X70 PSL2 HIC TESTED PIPES

API 5L X80 PSL2 HIC TESTED PIPES

 

These pipes are available in both seamless and welded category depending on the sizes required. Apart from this we can also supply HIC Resistant Plates like ASTM/ASME A/SA 516 60/65/70 & subsequently the A671/A672 GR CC 60/65/70EFW PIPES

 

 

Difference Between A671 and A672 EFW Pipes

A671 and A672 areEFW (Electric-Fusion Welded) Carbon Steel Pipes used for atmospheric and lower temperatures applications (A671) and high-pressure service at moderate temperatures (A672). As mentioned above, A671 is used for atmospheric and lower temperature application and A672 is used for high-pressure service applications at moderate temperature. However, if we compare the details e.g. A672 Gr.C60 & A671 Gr. CC60; the raw material plate used is same for both pipes & final mechanical properties are same. Heat treatment is same. The only difference between the 2 grades is only in the testing requirements. A672 requires weld sample drawn from a 500ft length of pipe and allows you to double the samples in case, original sample fails. A671 requires weld sample drawn from a 200ft length of pipe with no provision for a rejected weld.

Understanding difference in different grades

We come across different grades amongst A671 and A672 categories like CA/CB/CC (signified the type of plate used) and also different classes like CL 12/22/32 etc. We will attempt to explain these differences in the below table with simplified classification.

EFW Pipe Grade Plate Used Plate Grade Heat Treatment
ASTM A671 GR. CA45 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon A 285/A 285M GRADE A None
ASTM A671 GR. CA50 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon A 285/A 285M GRADE B None
ASTM A671 GR. CA55 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon A 285/A 285M GRADE C None
ASTM A671 GR. CB55 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 55 None
ASTM A671 GR. CB60 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 60 None
ASTM A671 GR. CB65 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 65 None
ASTM A671 GR. CB70 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 70 None
ASTM A671 GR. CC55 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 55 None
ASTM A671 GR. CC60 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 60 None
ASTM A671 GR. CC65 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 65 None
ASTM A671 GR. CC70 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 70 None
ASTM A671 GR. CA45 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon A 285/A 285M GRADE A Stress Relieved
ASTM A671 GR. CA50 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon A 285/A 285M GRADE B Stress Relieved
ASTM A671 GR. CA55 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon A 285/A 285M GRADE C Stress Relieved
ASTM A671 GR. CB55 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 55 Stress Relieved
ASTM A671 GR. CB60 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 60 Stress Relieved
ASTM A671 GR. CB65 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 65 Stress Relieved
ASTM A671 GR. CB70 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 70 Stress Relieved
ASTM A671 GR. CC55 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 55 Stress Relieved
ASTM A671 GR. CC60 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 60 Stress Relieved
ASTM A671 GR. CC65 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 65 Stress Relieved
ASTM A671 GR. CC70 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 70 Stress Relieved
ASTM A671 GR. CA45 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon A 285/A 285M GRADE A Normalized
ASTM A671 GR. CA50 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon A 285/A 285M GRADE B Normalized
ASTM A671 GR. CA55 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon A 285/A 285M GRADE C Normalized
ASTM A671 GR. CB55 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 55 Normalized
ASTM A671 GR. CB60 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 60 Normalized
ASTM A671 GR. CB65 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 65 Normalized
ASTM A671 GR. CB70 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 70 Normalized
ASTM A671 GR. CC55 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 55 Normalized
ASTM A671 GR. CC60 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 60 Normalized
ASTM A671 GR. CC65 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 65 Normalized
ASTM A671 GR. CC70 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 70 Normalized
ASTM A672 GR. CA45 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon A 285/A 285M GRADE A None
ASTM A672 GR. CA50 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon A 285/A 285M GRADE B None
ASTM A672 GR. CA55 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon A 285/A 285M GRADE C None
ASTM A672 GR. CB55 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 55 None
ASTM A672 GR. CB60 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 60 None
ASTM A672 GR. CB65 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 65 None
ASTM A672 GR. CB70 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 70 None
ASTM A672 GR. CC55 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 55 None
ASTM A672 GR. CC60 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 60 None
ASTM A672 GR. CC65 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 65 None
ASTM A672 GR. CC70 EFW pipes CL12 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 70 None
ASTM A672 GR. CA45 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon A 285/A 285M GRADE A Stress Relieved
ASTM A672 GR. CA50 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon A 285/A 285M GRADE B Stress Relieved
ASTM A672 GR. CA55 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon A 285/A 285M GRADE C Stress Relieved
ASTM A672 GR. CB55 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 55 Stress Relieved
ASTM A672 GR. CB60 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 60 Stress Relieved
ASTM A672 GR. CB65 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 65 Stress Relieved
ASTM A672 GR. CB70 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 70 Stress Relieved
ASTM A672 GR. CC55 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 55 Stress Relieved
ASTM A672 GR. CC60 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 60 Stress Relieved
ASTM A672 GR. CC65 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 65 Stress Relieved
ASTM A672 GR. CC70 EFW pipes CL22 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 70 Stress Relieved
ASTM A672 GR. CA45 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon A 285/A 285M GRADE A Normalized
ASTM A672 GR. CA50 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon A 285/A 285M GRADE B Normalized
ASTM A672 GR. CA55 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon A 285/A 285M GRADE C Normalized
ASTM A672 GR. CB55 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 55 Normalized
ASTM A672 GR. CB60 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 60 Normalized
ASTM A672 GR. CB65 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 65 Normalized
ASTM A672 GR. CB70 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon, Killed A515/A515M GRADE 70 Normalized
ASTM A672 GR. CC55 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 55 Normalized
ASTM A672 GR. CC60 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 60 Normalized
ASTM A672 GR. CC65 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 65 Normalized
ASTM A672 GR. CC70 EFW pipes CL32 Plain Carbon, Killed, Fine Grained A516/A516M GRADE 70 Normalized

The above classification should simplify any confusion with respect to different grades and classification. Apart from these, there are other classes like CL 10, CL13 and C42. The differences in due to Radiography and Test Pressure, for eh CL 10 does not need radiography as well as the pressure test, CL 13 does not need radiography but required Test Pressure, CL 42 needs the plate to be normalized as well as tempered with Radiography Testing and Test Pressure.

Carbon Steel Fittings

Important Points for selecting best carbon steel fittings

carbon-steel-fittings

 

Important Points for selecting best carbon steel fittings :

If you have a new industrial project which includes pipe installation, you would want to select best material for laying down the pipes, elbows, flanges etc. In this context it would be useful to keep in mind a few of the following points:

  • Evaluate the magnitude of the project
  • Understand the scale of the implementation
  • Enumerate the liquids or gases the pipes are going to carry
  • The desired age or longevity of the structure

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Steel imports In India decline to 4.5 million tons in April-October 2016

Steel imports in India have declined upto 39 percent  to 4.5 million tons amid April-October of this financial over a similar period a year prior. Steel Minister Chaudhary  Birender  Singh has said that The government has made different strides in light of a legitimate concern for the local steel industry from unfair foreign competition. Since the start of 2014-15, the Indian steel industry has seen serious worry because of surge in imports from nations saddled with abundance limit and fall in household costs.

 

India imposes anti-dumping duty on steel imports from China

Anti Dumping Duty on Steel

India imposes anti-dumping duty on steel imports from China

The commerce ministry had recently recommended a $25 per tonne import duty on metallurgical coke (met coke) which is a key raw material for the steel sector. The commerce ministry had recently recommended a $25 per tonne import duty on metallurgical coke (met coke) which is a key raw material for the steel sector.
Several domestic Steel makers has opposed the anti-dumping duty. Secretary general of Indian Steel Association argued that such a levy of anti-dumping duty on met coke will have a cost push effect on the steel sector in India.Imposition of any such duty will cause the price of finished steel to increase by Rs 700-1,500 a tonne. Several domestic Steel makers has opposed the anti-dumping duty. Secretary general of Indian Steel Association argued that such a levy of anti-dumping duty on met coke will have a cost push effect on the steel sector in India.Imposition of any such duty will cause the price of finished steel to increase by Rs 700-1,500 a tonne.
Met coke costs have about tripled since January this year since the time the case was started and it is at present administering around $350 a ton, without any indications of subsiding. Met coke costs have about tripled since January this year since the time the case was started and it is at present administering around $350 a ton, without any indications of subsiding.
Domestic steel makers fear that Imposition of anti-dumping duty will further worsen the already bad situation by increasing the prices of inputs though sale realisations have remained more or less flattish. Domestic steel makers fear that Imposition of anti-dumping duty will further worsen the already bad situation by increasing the prices of inputs though sale realisations have remained more or less flattish.

ASTM A691 GRADE 9 CR Alloy Steel Pipes

Alloy Steel P Grade Pipes

Alloy Steel P Grade Pipes Variants

ASTM A335 Pipe (ASME S/A335, Chrome-Moly) is a consistent ferritic Alloy-Steel Pipe for high temperature benefit. Pipe requested to this detail might be reasonable for bowing, flanging (van stoning), and comparable shaping operations, and for combination welding. Once in a while alluded to as “P Grade”, chrome moly pipe is prevalent in P-Grades P5, P9, P11, P22, and P91. The most well-known utilization of evaluations P11, P22, and P91 is in the power business and petro-substance plants, Grades P5 and P9 are regularly utilized as a part of refineries.

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